Everything over passenger traffic in Germany
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The price or tarifgestaltung in the passenger traffic
Tariffs in the passenger traffic
© Uwe Losse last updating 2006-10-17
Simple handling of the tariffs
Comprehensibility of the tariffs
Automizableness of the tariffs
Consideration of the different subpopulations
Steering of the traffic streams
Simple allocation of income
Inexpensive negotiability
Consideration of modern currencies
The price structuring in the passenger traffic happens in the suburban traffic over tariffs, from one Authorizing agency to be approved must. authorized tariff is to be used by the transporting enterprise compellingly and all passengers must be directly treated. From the tariff may be deviated neither upward nor downward. In the Tarifgestaltung different things (pupil season tickets in the ÖPNV) of the legislator are demanded or are promoted. Other things (steering of the traffic streams) lie in the interest of the transporting enterprise. Here several columns or bases for the price structuring are specified and described in the passenger traffic.
A tariff must be easily understandable and simply manageable. This applies both to the passengers and to the driving or sales personnel. A complicated tariff is felt not as attractive and works repeatedly repulsively. Straight ones at person's groups not over detailierte local knowledge or large experience with the ÖPNV order, are a complicated handling a large entrance hurdle for the ÖPNV. Complex tariffs are difficult to automate and for account systems and all involved one with difficulty too händeln. Complicated tariffs are perhaps fairly, however very expensively in the conversion and still more expensive by missing acceptance with the passengers.
The easy comprehensibility of the tariff goes hand in hand with the simple handling. If a tariff system fast, is also simple it is recognized and understood to handling. As consequence there is to acceptance and little annoyance with passengers and further representatives.
The selling way in the transporting enterprises is not any longer alone the driver, the expenditure for ticket or the info. center. For a long time have technical sales system like mobile or stationary ticket automats introduction held. Ever more channels of distribution by the transporting enterprises are discovered. The Internet ticket is exactly the same thereby like the Handyticket. Meanwhile there are small high performance ones mobile of Handheld on-line Ticket examinations accomplish and if necessary also spent can.
The tariff of the transporting enterprise or of the Traffic group must be suitable for such an automation. Although the assigned sales devices become ever high performance, it comes still whereupon on, if possible few information on that To reproach sales devices. Only so the necessary speed can be achieved with the sales. But are the ticket organization, the form of the price calculation and the account modality within of the Transporting enterprise and in the traffic group or To consider group-spreading.
A tariff must the different target groups respond equally. Child realms families, Foreigner, training or studying, Daily tourists or short holiday-makers should be equally considered in a tariff. The art is about it to let the tariff be complicated alzu. One wins however no passengers, if there is e.g. no daily map for the daily tourist.
The odd parity of the traffic streams is the largest cost factor in the transporting enterprise. This makes high Investment reproaching costs necessarily everyone Transporting enterprise would lower gladly. A good tariff contains steering measures around the passenger stream to distribute. This unfortunately only secondarily functions, since the reason of the passenger for the transport is not the way alone. The primary reason for the travel is a school attendance, a travel to the working place to friends or into the cinema, etc. An example of steering measures is the 9 o'clock - map. With this type of map and an appropriate the transporting enterprises those passengers do not try to remove reduction from the Rush Hour, those compellingly around this time to drive must. Strongly reduced prices of transportation those are just as conceivable against the traffic stream work. The tariff right quite permits such a price structuring. Here only little courage of the transporting enterprises is missing and sometimes also on the missing ability of the automizableness of such tariffs.
Some traffic groups leave themselves Procedures of allocation of income break in those in such a manner it is complicated that itself the groups and those took part transporting enterprises therein lose. With the internal fights for as high a justice during the allocation of income and against laws as possible Sake to receive the largest piece from the cake to the involved ones go often too far. The spent tickets must be divisible. That is, a simple group account must be accomplished for each transporting enterprise can. The expenditure for the determination that Group messages must be small. If only for the group account a team of experts per Transporting enterprise is needed, should be thoroughly considered the applied tariff.
The tariff must be able to be simply converted. If now in the tariff a Mehrfahrtenkarte is to be taken up, which did not give it so far in this Tarifsysem, high capital outlays come to the involved ones. A Mehrfahrtenkarte always needs sales personnel that the Mehrfahrtenkarte cancels. Often come Investments for mobile and stationary Entwerter in addition also still with river to be supplied and waited must. Same applies during the introduction of a new ticket, an unusual Papierform has and high Manufacturing costs causes. A conversion in the tariff computation knows fast high software costs for the programming of the assigned mobile and stationary automat means. If different manufacturers are equally in the use, the costs are again increased.
The modern currencies hold also into the ÖPNV introduction. Beside the enterprise-individual smart cards there is also the money map (as flop presented itself) or also Handytickets. A tariff system knows such currencies also Discounts support. In addition, new possibilities result. It escapes the problem that Münzrückgabe with sales, the sales always is fitting. With such tickets roundnesses may remain unconsidered. The transporting enterprise or group has the possibility to account for cent-exactly.